Thuhmahruai: A hmasa berin thaw hah zawng zawng hi asthma a ni vek lo tih hre phawt ila. Thaw hahna chhan chi hrang hrang pawimawh zualte chu:
· Chuap dik lohna: Asthma, Pneumonia, COPD, Chuapa tui tling (effusion), adt.
· Lung dik lohna: Lung ‘valve’ tha lo, Heart failure, adt.
· Chhan dang: nak ruh tliak , thisen nei tlem, exercise, rilru chiai, thaw hah der, adt.
Tun tum atan chuan Asthma bik chungchang i lo sawi teh ang:
ASTHMA: Khawvela mi za zela 5 -8 in Asthma hi an vei. Asthma lan chhuah dan ber chu thaw hah, khuh leh thaw ri tep tep a ni ber. Asthma hian thawkna dawt a tivungin a tisawng te a, khak(chil) a siam tam a, chu chuan khuh leh thaw hah a siam thin a ni.
Asthma hi eng tia lo awm nge? Asthma hi a awmtirtu tak hriat a ni lo va, amaherawhchu heng thilte hian asthma an thlentir niin an sawi:
· Pian pui (genetic): Asthma veite hi pianpui taksaa huat (allergy) ngah bik hi an ni fo mai. Chuvangin, asthma hi chhungkhat laina zingah vei an awm duh bik fo.
· Kan boruak tawn(environment): Boruaka bawlhhlawh leh huat theih (allergen) leng vel tawn fuh emaw, naupan laia kan taksa invenna (immunity) a insiam puitlin hmaa virus engin emaw a lo tihbuai vang emaw pawh ni theiin an sawi bawk.
Asthma tizual/tichhuaktu: Asthma tichhuak/tizualtu zinga a lar zualte:
· Boruak vawt / khaw vawt
· Exercise/hnathawh hah
· Thil huat bik tawn palh (in chhung bawlhhlawh, pangpar, ran hmul, mei khu, adt.)
· Rilru phawklek thut
· Damdawi thenkhat (aspirin ang chi te)
Asthma enkawl dan: Asthma hi enkawl dam hmiah theih a ni lo. Inenkawlnain a tum ber chu a veitu nunphung tikhaihlak lo thei ang bera asthma kha ‘control’ hi a ni ber. Inenkawlna chungchangah a veituin theihtawpa tan laa mawhphurhna a lak ve a ngai a, a chhungte pawhin theihtawpa an tanpui a mamawh bawk. Naupang asthma phei chu chhungkaw member bakah nau awmtu thlengin a enkawl dan an hriat ve a tul thin. A theih chuan ‘Asthma Action Plan’ siamin inenkawl dan tur fel taka ruahman a tha hle bawk. (Asthma action plan hi Internet atang pawhin download tur tam tak a awm.)
· Hriat tur pawimawh: Asthma tizual/tichhuak thintu hriat chhuah chuan chu thil chu pumpelh hram tum thin tur a ni. Hnathawh leh chet vel erawh hrisel nan a pawimawh avangin thulh loh tur a ni. Hnathawhna hmuna thaw haha hmun danga thaw hah si lo chuan a hnathawhna sawn emaw bansan emaw a tul mai thei.
· Damdawia inenkawlna: A tawi zawngin sawi thuak thuak ila: Asthma damdawi hman lar ho hi chu chi hnihin angin a sawi theih awm e :
o Thawkna dawt ti zau thei:
§ β2-agonist: Heng damdawite hi a bur siamsa hmanga hip luh (inhaler) emaw khawl hmanga hip luh (nebulizer) emawin an hmang ber, a muma ei tur chi leh injection pawhin a awm bawk. Mizoten kan hriat lar pawl tak chu Salbutamol (Asthalin) hi a ni awm e.
§ Theophylline: Aminophylline injection hi hman lar ber chu a ni. Thawh hah nasaa dam dawi dangin a chhawk mai loh hunah chauh an pe tlang pui.
§ Anticholinergics: Ipratropium
o Thawkna dawt vung tireh thei:
§ Steroids (Glucocorticoids): Heng ho pawh hi hip luh chi (inhaler) a lar ber a, a mum leh injection pawhin an hmang tho bawk. Hip luh zawnga taksa tana a tha lo lama thawk thei (side effects) tih tlem nan a hranpaa hipna bik “spacer” hman tel a tha hle. Heng damdawi zinga hman larte chu Beclomethasone te, Prednisolone te leh Hydrocortisone te hi an ni awm e.
§ Sodium cromoglycate: asthma nasa lo leh invenna angin, a hip chiin an hmang ber.
· “Step” te tea Asthma enkawl dan hetiang hian lo entir leh ila: (Khawvel hmun hrang hrangah step a in ang vek lo)
o Step 1: Thaw hah kar khat chhungin vawi 2 vawi 3 vel chauh: Asthalin Inhaler hipin a ziaawm leh mai thin. Ni tin hip ziah ngai emaw, zan lama thaw hah a chhuah emaw chuan Step 2-ah kai rawh.
o Step 2: Nitin thaw hah a chhuah chuan Steroid hip chi (e.g.Beclomethasone), ni tin vawi 2 atanga vawi 4 emaw vel hman a tul thin. A la chhawk lo chuan Step 3-ah chho rawh.
o Step 3: Beclomethasone hip kha ni tin vawi 4 atanga vawi 10 thleng pawhin san leh rawh. A la chhawk that loh chuan Step 4-ah kai rawh.
o Step 4: Beta2-agonist thawk rei chi, (e.g. Salmeterol) hmang tel rawh.
o Step 5: Thawhah a la chhawk loh chuan Prednisolone mum ei tel emaw, steroid dang injection hial a ngai mai thei a,damdawi ina in admit a ngai thin.
Note:
· Mahnia inenkawl thei tan pawh Step 2 chung lamah khi chuan damdawi in pan a tha. Eng hunah pawh mahnia inenkawl thei lo emaw, thaw hahin zual lam a pan zel emaw chuan damdawi in pan nghal mai a him ber.
· Exercise lak dawn emaw, hna thawh dawn emaw hian a hma darkar chanve velah Asthalin inhaler ang chi han hip zauh la, chu chuan I thaw hah tur thui tak a a veng thei.